Physical Parameter- Length, Volume and Density

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Physical parameter

Name of the Physical Quantity: Length

> It is fundamental unit having SI unit meter (m).

> nanometer (nm) [1 nm = 10^-9 m] pico meter (pm) [1 pm = 10^-12 m]

> Length is a measure of distance.

> Length is the measure of one spatial dimension, whereas area is 

    a measure of two dimensions (length squared) and volume is 

     a measure of three

     dimensions (length cubed).

10 mm = 1cm

100 cm = 1 m

1000 m = 1 Km

Name of the Physical Quantity: Volume

 > It is the amount of space occupied by a three dimensional object.

 > SI unit of volume is (meter) ³ or m³. Common unit is liter (L).

 > 1 L = 1 dm³ = 1000 mL = 1000 cm³          1000 L = 1m³

 > A volumetric flask is used to prepare a known volume of a solution.

 > In thermodynamics, the volume of a system is an important extensive property.
 >The Specific Volume is intensive property.

 > Volume is a function of state and is interdependent with other 

        thermodynamic properties such as pressure and temperature.

Name of the Physical Quantity: Density

> It is mass per unit volume. SI unit of density is kg m^-3.

>The density also known as specific mass, of a substance is its 

      mass per unit volume.

> The symbol most often used for density is ρ (the lower case 

     Greek letter rho), although the Latin letter D can also be used.

> Osmium and iridium are the densest known elements at 

       standard conditions for temperature and pressure.

>  "Relative density" or "Specific gravity", i.e. the ratio of the density

      of the material to that of a standard material, usually water.          

   Thus a relative density less than one means that the substance 

     floats in water.

> The density of a material varies with temperature and pressure. 

   Increasing the pressure on an object decreases the volume of the 

    object and thus increases its density. Increasing the temperature 

    of a substance (with a few exceptions) decreases its density by

    increasing its volume. In most materials, heating the bottom of 

    a fluid results in convection of the heat from the bottom to the top, 

    due to the decrease in the density of the heated fluid. This causes

    it to rise relative to more dense unheated material.

>  Density is an intensive property in that increasing the amount of

     a substance does not increase its density; rather it increases its mass.

${\displaystyle \rho ={\frac {m}{V}}}$

 Irfan Bashumiya Pathan

Shamsul Uloom Urdu High school & Higher Secondary School, Osmanabad. (MH)

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